Fowler Museum - Making Strange

Making Strange has quite a fitting name. The mixture of the surreal and uneasy is meant to evoke new thoughts on what is an accepted form of fashion, art, and the human body. First I would like to discuss the portion of the exhibit that focuses on a distortion of the human form. Figure 1 displays an anatomical model that has been configured with a scapula erupting from the chest cavity and several other misplaced organs.

Figure 1: Disfigured anatomical model

This work of art shows an intentional perversion of the human body. Bits are jumbled up, disproportionate, and mixed together. This piece of art really speaks to the sections regarding the human body, especially in biotechnology. Disrupting the human form is something that is generally frowned upon and seems innately repulsing. Classical descriptions have always praised the human body, where here we look at it from a different perspective. This change in perspective really allows the observer to appreciate what is the strange.

Moving along, I will focus more on the Gagawaka pieces of art that form fashionable attire from nonconventional materials. Figure 2 displays a dress made from x ray film.

Figure 2: A dress made from x ray film

This piece directly bridges the gap between medicine and fashion. I really enjoyed this piece in that anything could be transformed into fashionable wear. In addition, the garment has an added layer of depth in the x ray film. I made an effort to look closely at the film to check for any broken bones! I appreciate this kind of art that warrants close inspection and an attention to details.

The final piece I will discuss can relate back to our section on art and neuroscience. Figure 3 displays a clean room jumper filled with pills.

Figure 3: A jumpsuit filled with colorful pills

These pills can be a social commentary on the overabundance of prescription drug usage by the public. Drugs can be used to augment our minds and thoughts in order to change our perspective on the world. This theme of changing perspective is prevalent throughout the entire exhibit. The theme of changing one’s perspective is vital in order to be open-minded and see the world differently. Those who see the world differently will make the world different.   

Lastly here is a picture of me posing with the exhibit title!

Singular Spaces - The Fowler Museum

Singular Spaces focused on art pieces photographed by Jo Farb Hernández, and created by several self-taught artists throughout Spain. Several of the works are monumental in size and relate to the material covered in class. The first piece I would like to discuss is my favorite from the exhibit and is pictured in Figure 1.

Figure 1: Fantastical castle

This castle was constructed and seems to defy the agreed upon norms of construction. The towers and parapets curve whimsically, and the entire castle seems to be built from a dream. However, significant care must have been put into the structural stability of the piece. I can be seen the curving tower is being braced with two supports. The larger the structure grows, the more impressive of an engineering feat it becomes.

Next, in Figure 2, is a piece that utilizes thousands of clams in order to decorate the entire surface of a home.

Figure 2:  Courtyard completely decorated with clam shells

This piece of art allows me to recall the golden ratio, and the design of several shellfish. Humans are innately attracted to the golden ratio, and it appears in several well known works of art and architecture. This same ratio can be displayed in the shells of sea snails and other shellfish.

This third piece comes from an artist who has sculpted several giant human heads. In the work, several huts have been constructed in the form of a head, with the doorway as a mouth. This obsession with the human head and form is mirrored in several other works of art. In addition, the act of being inside a giant head also makes the observer think of the inner workings of the mind. By walking around inside a giant head, it is almost likely that you could accidentally stumble into the dreams of a giant. Figure 3 displays an example of one of these giant heads peeking out from under a lake.

Figure 3: A giant's head above the surface of a lake

The last piece I will discuss once again brings back the theme of unity that I touched on in my previous event blog. Figure 4 displays several humanoid sculptures.

Figure 4: These sculptures represent several nations coming together.

The scenes depicted by these stone men vary from several Bible verses to historical events. The work in Figure 4 represents participants from several countries coming together. This idea of unity is critical in order to bridge the gap between the two cultures in our society.

And here’s a bonus picture of me at the exhibit.

Provacations - The Hammer Museum

The works developed by the Heatherwick Studio proved to be both fascinating and innovative. Many of the works on display have made it clear to me the relationship between art and technology. Where technology blazes the trail of scientific innovation, art inspires and motivates the scientific community to bring imagination to life in new ways.

One piece that emphasizes that point is the bridge of glass, pictured in Figure 1. This artistic piece must rely on materials science engineering, as well as civil engineering in order to be feasible. The brittle nature of glass makes it an inferior material for use in structures, but the artists at the Heatherwick studio made their creation possible. In many ways I am sure the professionals who developed the bridge appreciated the level of detail and knowledge gained when working with such a brittle building material. There is no room for error.

Figure 1: Miniature of glass bridge

This imaginative construction is a constant theme throughout the exhibit. Several structures were on display including designs for parks or entire communities. These designs usually mimicked nature or had a very natural element to them. By replicating nature, the buildings break the mold of traditional structural design. This further pushes structural technology to its limits. The use of carbon nanotubes or other nanotechnology may allow similar structures to be built in the future.

The rotating chairs were the most fun and interactive exhibit. Undoubtedly, much thought was taken into account to design the overall shape of the piece. The piece strived for rotational symmetry while also allowing the user the rotate about without falling over. The geometry of the chair must have been such that it could withstand a significant displacement from a user without its center of mass from extending past the lower rim. This design relied heavily on the mathematics of the design, as well as its artistic value.

Figure 2: Geometrical interior of rotating chairs allows for stability

Another piece on display that related to material learned in this class was the handbag made from a single strip of zipper. Fascinating aspect about these handbags is that the final shape is determined by how the bag is zipped together. Figure 3 displays an image of the exhibit.

Figure 3: Zipper handbag exhibit

In addition, I have included a video that allows for the mathematical mechanism of a similar bag to be more fully understood.

The final piece that I wish to mention also happens to be my favorite. The Olympic torch for the 2012 games in London symbolized the coming together of several different entities into one, larger and more powerful union. This great collective aptly represents the separate nations of our world joining together in the celebration of competition. This same unity is what will drive the artistic and scientific communities to achieve new heights.

Figure 4: Me with pieces from the Olympic torch

Figure 5: My ticket for admittance

Week 9 - Art and Space

This week I be discussing the idea of habitation in space and its effect on the human body, and how art has portrayed the concept in the past. During the beginning of the Space Race between the US and Russia, very little was known about the effects of space on the human body. Some thought that the feeling of weightlessness would disorientate astronauts or make regular bodily functions impossible. Although this idea was quickly disproved, the absence of gravity still has detrimental effects through the atrophy of muscles, and complications with human reproduction (Shere, J.). Most of the early Gemini and Apollo missions were to verify that human beings would be physically capable of living in space for the time required to get to the moon and back (Kranz,G.).

Figure 1: Astronaut using a negative pressure chamber in order to increase blood flow and prevent detrimental effects due to long exposure to a microgravity environment.

More recently, the human population in space has become more consistent with 6 astronauts currently living in the International Space Station (Eshbach, B.). With past advances taken into account, one must ask what is next when it comes to creating habitations in space or even other planets. One concept that is scientifically favored is presented in Larry Niven’s Ringworld. Niven introduces the concept of a space station constructed like a donut or halo. This ring would rotate causing a centripetal acceleration that would mimic the force of gravity for the occupants. Replicating the force of gravity will be instrumental in developing a permanently populated structure in space.

Figure 2: Science fiction concept of a ring-shaped space station.

In addition to habitats in space, habitats on other celestial bodies will be critical for the advancement of the human race. Developing habitats on an alien surface will require large amounts of advanced robotic and manufacturing technology. The following video features Rob Mueller of NASA discussing his approach to creating habitable structures on the Martian surface.

Figure 3: Rob Mueller discusses a promising strategy for developing habitats on Mars

Expanding human habitability in space will lead to a massive furthering of man’s innate pioneering spirit. Future generations will be able to blast off into the truly final frontier.

Works Cited

Eshbach, Brad. "How Many People Are In Space Right Now?" How Many People Are In Space Right Now? Web. 30 May 2015.

"Gravity Hurts (So Good)." NASA. NASA, 2 Aug. 2001. Web. 30 May 2015.

Kranz, Gene. Failure Is Not an Option. New York: Simon & Schuster Paperbacks, 2000. Print.

Niven, Larry. Ringworld. New York: Ballantine, 1970. Print.

 Shere, Jeremy. "Rats in Space." Space XXVII.1 (2004). University of Indiana. Trustees of Indiana University. Web. 30 May 2015.

Week 8 - Art and Nanotechnology

Carbon Nanotubes have a vast diversity in potential applications. The structure of the carbon nanotube is unique in its ability to serve as a perfect electrical conductor. This property allows for carbon nanotube technology (CNT) to be used in electrical components, superconductors, and batteries (Endo, M.).

                                                                                                                                                           

Figure 1: Carbon Nanotube Structure. [Source: www.dsaic.org]

 CNT is also advancing in healthcare technology. CNT can be used to augment nanomedicine due to its low toxicity and ability to quickly deliver desired drugs into cells and organs (Bianco, A.). Furthermore, CNT can be arranged into a sponge-like structure in order to absorb multiple times its weight in oil (understandingnano.com). This application can minimize the damage due to oil spills. As I mentioned, the applications of CNT technology is only limited by the user’s imagination. But what is the most important application of CNT to art?

CNT structure allows for great structural strength and flexibility. The use of CNT will be able to revolutionize structures and architecture in the future. In several ways, art pushes architects and civil engineers to master their skills. Introducing CNT will be able to create buildings from imagination into reality. CNT buildings will allow for thinner support columns, more usable space, and buildings that seamlessly interact with nature.

Figure 2: Example of a carbon nanotube structure. [lifeafterpeople.wikia.com]

This structural property allows for CNT to be the material of choice for another idea from imagination; a space elevator. A space elevator is a fabled structure that will allow for more efficient access to space. This elevator would require enough strength in order to prevent from buckling under its own weight.

Figure 3: Space elevator. [Source: io9.com]

The advancement of carbon nanotube technology will allow for leaps in several scientific and artistic fields of study.

Works Cited

Bianco, Alberto, Kostas Kostarelo, and Maurizio Prato. "Applications of Carbon Nanotubes in Drug Delivery." Current Opinion in Chemical Biology 9.6 (2005): 674-79. Print.

Boysen, Earl. "Carbon Nanotube Applications and Uses." Understanding Nano. Technical Writing LLC. Web. 24 May 2015.

Endo, Morinobu, Michael Strano, and Pulickel Ajayan. "Potential Applications of Carbon Nanotubes." Topics in Applied Physics 111 (2008): 13-62. Springer Link. Springer. Web. 24 May 2015.

Joon Jung, Yung. "Aligned Carbon Nanotube−Polymer Hybrid Architectures for Diverse Flexible Electronic Applications." Nano Letters 6.3 (2006): 413-18. ACS Publications. Web. 24 May 2015.

Mack, Eric. "Building a Space Elevator Starts with a Lunar Elevator by 2020." Gizmag 9 Dec. 2014. Print.

Art and Neuroscience

Drug use affects chemical balances in the brain causing euphoria, extra-sensory sensations, and even hallucinations. Most drugs have a beneficial effect, causing many to be used by modern medical practices. No drug is without side effects however. The use of several drugs, especially when not prescribed, can have long lasting effects on the brain.

Figure 1: Diagram of neurotransmitters

Drugs such as cocaine and amphetamines activate the brain’s pleasure circuit. Cocaine affects chemicals as they are being transmitted, while methamphetamines causes an increase in the dispersal of neurotransmitters (drugabuse.gov). Affecting this chemical communication leads to the euphoric feelings of the drug and are the main proponent for developing addictive tendencies.

 As mentioned in the lecture, artists have often utilized drugs in order to gather inspiration from their unconscious mind. Perhaps inspired by Leary’s experiments with LSD, one artist took it upon himself to portray the effects 52 different drugs had on his self perception. The following figures display a sample of the resulting self portraits.

Figure 2: Self portrait of an artist under the influence of Ambien

Figure 3: Self portrait of an artist under the influence of crystal meth

The effect of different drugs on one’s psyche is expressed through the portraits. The portrait induced by meth shows the chaotic and blurry nature of the trip. On the other hand, the portrait induced by Ambien, a depressant, allows for more detail to be put into the drawing. Drugs’ ability to change our perception of ourselves is very dangerous in nature. One must keep in mind if the drug is pulling you closer to or farther away from reality (George, F.).

Works Cited

"Ambien." Drugs.com. Web. 16 May 2015. [http://www.drugs.com/cons/ambien.html]

"Artist Creates Self-Portraits On Different Drugs, And The Results Are Insane." Elite Daily. Ed. Robert Anthony. Web. 16 May 2015.

"Effects of Drugs on the Brain." Drugabuse.gov. 7 May 2015. Web. 16 May 2015.

George, F. "Mind-Altering Drug and Self-Perception." Orthodoxy and Recovery. Blogger, 14 Mar. 2012. Web. 16 May 2015.

Gillespie, Nick. "Psychedelic, Man." The Washington Post 15 June 2006, Books sec. Web. 16 May 2015.

Week 6 - Art and Biotechnology

Biotechnology and art has lead to scientific and artistic advances as seen in this week’s lecture. The Renaissance breathed life into an art movement focusing on the idealized human body. This focus on the human form can be seen in Leonardo’s Vitruvian Man and Michelangelo’s David. 

Figure 1: Leonardo's Vitruvian Man displays ideal human proportions. [Source: www.italianrenaissanceresources,com]

With the growth of biotechnology, there is an ability to genetically render the ideal human body. Current technology provides parents with more control over what attributes their future child will possess. In addition, there are means for determining a risk of contracting certain diseases or being born with a defect {Gerard, E.).  The manipulation of human genetics is an opportunity to fulfill the Classical treatment of the human body, but it is also a topic of heated debate.

Eugenics is the act of selective breeding humans in order to promote the spread of a certain gene, and suppress others. There also exists a realm of genetic manipulation and transgenic operations that would look to optimizing or enhancing human capability. Putting the questionable ethicsaside, the pursuit of the idealized human form has penetrated modern art and society.  Nietzsche brought forward the idea of the Ubermensch or “over man” as a means of philosophical discussion of what a man should be (Nietzche). The concept of the Ubermensch went on to inspire the most classical superhero of the modern era: Superman. 

Figure 2: Superman is the modern day incarnation of Nietzsche's Ubermensch. [Source: www.sea-globe.com]

The world has a fascination with these comic book super heroes as they excel the natural laws of humanity and define what it means to be better than human. Superman, with his restraint of unlimited strength has become a figure of what a man, culture, or society should be.  Another superhero that has been born of genetic modification is Captain America. As opposed to Superman’s strength to carry skyscrapers, Captain America is the story of a frail man brought to the best of human potential through the use of genetic modification. These figures pervade modern pop culture and hark back to the original Renaissance and Classical image of the human body.

Figure 3: Captain America as a by-product of genetic experimentation in humans. [Source: www.rellimzone.com]

With the state of modern biotechnology, scientists have the capability and the burden of determining everything a human should be for generations to come.

Works Cited

Burkhardt Jr., Todd. "Operation Rebirth: Captain America and the Ethics of Enhancement." Philosophy Now. 2007. Web. 10 May 2015.

. Garrard, Eve, and Stephen Wilkinson. "The Language of Eugenics." Eugenics and the Ethics of Selective Reproduction (2013). Keele University. Web. 10 May 2015.

"Nietzsche's Idea of an Overman and Life from His Point of View." Stanford University. Web. 10 May 2015.

"The Classical Image of the Body." Italian Renaissance Learning Resources. National Gallery of Art. Web. 10 May 2015.

"TOP 5: SUPERHERO SOCIAL COMMENTARIES." Globe. 27 June 2013. Web. 10 May 2015.

Midterm Project

Below is a link to view my midterm project.

Thank you.

https://drive.google.com/file/d/0ByfIXj9owc9VaHdJamZJaWYzS0U/view?usp=sharing

Week 4 - Art and Medical Technology

Medical technology has increased in leaps and bounds over the past century.  For instance, from the turn of the century in 1900 to 1965, average life expectancy in the United States had increased by 23 years (www.valueofinnovation.org). This increase in life expectancy is driven by a reduction in infant mortality due to medical advances. Another giant leap has occurred in modern prosthetics.

                Similar to plastic surgery, prosthetics have been used to augment human mobility and appearance since the Ancient Egyptians. The oldest known prosthetic was recovered from an Egyptian tomb and appeared to be an artificial toe used to aid the wearer’s walking (Coughlan, S.).

Figure 1: Mummified prosthetic toe.  [Source www.BBC.com]

The advances in medical technology have allowed modern prosthetics to seamlessly interact with their user’s body. The major difference between modern prosthetics and those in developed in the past is the prevalence of newer materials like plastics and carbon fiber (Clements, I.). Modern prosthetic structures have even become a form of self expression as well as utility. Through the use of 3D printing, prosthetic limbs have become a work of art.

Figure 2: Modern materials provide new avenues for prosthetic expression. [Source: www.wired.com]

                Studies have even been conducted regarding amputees and self-image. A recent study resulted in a correlation between an amputee’s perception of their body image and their psychological well-being (Breakey, J.). With this study in mind, the field of medical technology becomes ever more important to those it serves. Significant effort has been made in order to develop a wow factor in order to make amputees more proud of their body.

Figure 3: Intricately designed prosthesis provide an interesting artistic value to the wearer. [Source: www.thealternativelimbproject.com]

                The future of prosthetic technology appears promising. Current efforts are being made to produce what are known as “i-limbs”, which are the next generation of prosthetics. Lighter weight and more responsive to muscular impulses and inputs, i-limbs also strive to be more affordable (Brumfield, G.). Through more technological advancement, prosthetics will continue to mimic the human body in appearance and functionality.

Works Cited:

Breakey, James. "Body Image: The Lower Limb Amputee." Journal of Prosthetics and Orthotics 9.2 (1997). American Academy of Prosthetics and Orthotics. Web. 26 Apr. 2015. <http://journals.lww.com/jpojournal/Abstract/1997/00920/Body_Image__The_Lower_Limb_Amputee.5.aspx>.

Brumfiel, Geoff. "The Insane and Exciting Future of the Bionic Body." Smithsonian 1 Sept. 2013. Print.

Clements, Isaac. "How Prosthetic Limbs Work." How Stuff Works. InfoSpace LLC. Web. 26 Apr. 2015. <http://science.howstuffworks.com/prosthetic-limb2.htm>.

Coughlan, Sean. "Oldest Prosthetic Helped Egyptian Mummy to Walk." BBC 2 Oct. 2012. Web. 26 Apr. 2015. <http://www.bbc.com/news/education-19802539>.

"Power of Medical Innovation." Valueofinnovation.org. Web. 26 Apr. 2015. <http://valueofinnovation.org/power-of-innovation/>.

Week 3 - Art and Robotics

This week I would like to discuss Isaac Asimov.

Figure 1: Isaac Asimov; revolutionary author and scientist. Source: [www.slate.com]

Asimov was a scientist and avid science fiction writer who gained popularity in the era after World War II. Asimov wrote about biology, astronomy, math, and religion as well (Bio). He is attributed to writing some of the most brilliant science fiction stories of his time, and many of them have to do with robotics. Asimov coined the three laws of robotics in his story collection I, Robot.

Figure 2: Asimov’s three laws. Source: [www.unleashthefanboy.com/news/united-nations-worried-about-killer-robots-invoking-isaac-asimovs-three-laws-of-robotics/]

Asimov’s story would later be recreated into a motion picture starring Will Smith. This movie presents anti-automation sentiments through the main character Detective Del Spooner. Spooner’s thoughts align very heavily with the Luddites of the Industrial Revolution. Spooner believes that humanity should not rely on their advanced robotic assistants, and that the old ways of the past are being destroyed by this new technology. The Luddites was a popular following of the working class that were violently opposed to technological change and introduction of new machinery in the textile industry (National Archives). The Luddites are one of several counter-revolutionary uprisings that dissented from popular use of industrial machines like the ones presented in Prof. Vesna’s Art and Robotics Lecture. During the film, Detective Spooner even goes so far as to say “Look, this is not what I do but, I have an idea for one of your commercials: You could see a carpenter, makin' a beautiful chair, and then one of your robots comes in, and makes a better chair, twice as fast. And then you super-impose on the screen: "USR. Shittin' on the little guy." That would be the fade out.” (Wikiquote).

Spooner’s disdain for the robotic industry and his rivalry with the robot in the movie harks back to a similar folk legend of John Henry. John Henry is the “doomed railroad worker who bests a mechanical drill only to die at the moment of victory.” (Grimes, W.). It seems that themes of man fighting back against the inevitability of mechanical innovation span centuries.

Spooner’s commentary provides insight into the era that will likely be called the Robotic Revolution. This sentiment is not held by the company producing the robots. Below is an example of an advertisement for the NS-5 seen in the film.

[Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m8Yr17VCFwI]

Isaac Asimov truly encapsulates the spirit of art and robotics.

Works Cited

Coulson, Ian. "Luddites." The National Archives Learning Curve | Power, Politics and Protest | Luddites. Web. 20 Apr. 2015. <http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/education/politics/g3/>.

Grimes, William. "Taking Swings at a Myth, with John Henry the Man." New York Times 18 Oct. 2006. Web. 19 Apr. 2015. <http://www.nytimes.com/2006/10/18/books/18grim.html?ex=1168750800&en=2c72dddaeac54265&ei=5070&_r=0>.

"Isaac Asimov." Bio. A&E Television Networks, 2015. Web. 19 Apr. 2015.

"I, Robot (film)." Wikiquote. Web. 20 Apr. 2015. <http://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/I,_Robot_(film)>.

Vesna, V. Robotics. <https://cole2.uconline.edu/courses/346337/pages/unit-3-view?module_item_id=6472144>.

Week 2 - Art and Mathematics

Art and mathematics are helplessly entwined. Art is a vast field that covers all forms of expression. When art is focused on replicated and expressing the natural order of the world around us, math is heavily involved. This entanglement is because math is another means of portraying the natural world. This sentiment is explained in the film Pi. The main character Maximillian Cohen asserts “mathematics is the language of nature. Everything is capable of being represented with numbers.” Cohen’s fascination with numbers and the Fibonacci sequence allows him to identify its occurrence throughout the natural world.

Figure 1: The movie poster for Pi.

This sequence appears also through art. The Parthenon was constructed by the ancient Greeks and displays the Fibonacci relationship in its construction.

Figure 2: The Fibonacci spiral as it relates to the Parthenon.

Human nature has evolved to replicate the realm of natural order. It seems that humans have an innate attraction to this relationship known as the Golden Ratio. By replication, this natural ratio has permeated human society and has been seen in famous works of art. The pervasiveness of this Golden Ratio in multiple works of art and architecture could even lend to the theory that beauty itself can be described mathematically.

                Fractals are another example of the natural world displayed in mathematical ratios. As portrayed in the video “Fibonacci, Fractals and the Financial Markets,” that fractals resemble the shapes of natural formations. Fractals describe mountain ranges, rivers, and coastlines accurately.

Figure 3: Fibonacci relationships in nature exist everywhere.

Referrences

[1] Pi movie trailer. [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oQ1sZSCz47w]

[2] Pi movie Poster [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pi_(film)]

[3] Fibonacci, Fractals, and Financial Markets [https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=RE2Lu65XxTU]

[4] Fibonacci Parthenon. [http://imgarcade.com/1/fibonacci-parthenon/]

[5] Fibonacci spirals in nature. [http://www.wired.com/2010/09/fractal-pa

Week 1 - The Two Cultures

My name is Jeff Asher and I am a 4^th year aerospace engineer. My first introduction to C.P. Snow’s article, The Two Cultures, came from my engineering ethics course which elaborated on the interactions between engineering and society. Snow’s words that between the two cultures of the literary and scientific lies “a gulf of mutual incomprehension” promote a concept that is still highly relevant today. I find myself firmly implanted in the realm of the scientific community. I currently hold a leadership role in designing and developing UCLA’s first satellite.

Figure 1: After 50 years, Snow's concept of the two cultures still applies. [http://www.princeton.edu/pei/twocultures/]

The separation of the intellectual and scientific cultures is made very apparent at UCLA by campus layout and curriculum. UCLA’s north and south campuses serve as the hubs of these divided cultures. Although there are merits to this layout, it is ultimately exacerbating the development of two separate cultures. In addition, the curriculum at UCLA focuses on generating students with a more specified education, especially engineers. Engineers at UCLA are required to take only 5 general education courses, half as many as students in the college of letters and sciences. Although this reduction in general education allows for more classes devoted to core curriculum, I feel that my base of knowledge has been restricted. Training engineers with less than four classes in the arts and humanities does not adequately prepare engineers of the future to interact with the intellectual community.

Figure 2: A line in the sand [https://www.google.com/maps/place/University+of+California,+Los+Angeles]

I would like to think that the separation imposed upon the intellectual and scientific communities over the past several decades is mainly self-imposed. I determine the problem mainly as that of inaccurate definition. Through my work at ELFIN, I find the creation of this satellite as art. The way the circuit boards fit into place and the mass of wires threaded throughout all seem to strike a harmony in order to achieve mission success. That is something more exquisite than science. This totality and harmony speaks to Bohm’s definition of creativity and the motivation behind scientific works quite accurately.

Figure 3: ELFIN CubeSat renderring demonstrates an artistic beauty through scientific construction. [www.elfin.igpp.ucla.edu]

References

Bohm, D., 1968. On Creativity. Leonardo, Vol. 1, No. 2., pages 137-149.

ELFIN Solidworks model render. [www.elfin.igpp.ucla.edu].

 Snow, C.P., 1959. The Two Cultures and the Scientific Revolution. Cambridge University Press, New York, 1961.

The Two Cultures in Environmental Studies. Princeton Environmental Institute. [http://www.princeton.edu/pei/twocultures/]

UCLA Campus Map. [www.google.com/maps/place/university+of+California+los+angeles].